YO
Starting with yarn at back, bring the yarn forward between the needles, wrap yarn around the right needle and bring to the back. Knit the next stitch while holding the yarn to the back. A yarn over will appear as a hole between two stitches and is an increase of one stitch.
YO2
Starting with yarn at back, bring the yarn forward between the needles, wrap yarn around the right needle twice and bring to the back. Knit the next stitch while holding the yarn to the back. A double yarn over will appear as a large hole between two stitches and is an increase of two stitches.
K1FB
With yarn at back, insert the right needle into front of the stitch on the left needle knitwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull the right needle through the stitch. Before sliding the stitch off the left needle, insert the right needle into the back of the same stitch knitwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull right needle through the stitch. Slide the stitch off the left needle. This is an increase of one stitch.
P1FB
With yarn at front, insert the right needle into the front of the stitch on the left needle purlwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull the right needle through the stitch. Before sliding the stitch off the left needle, insert the right needle into the back of the same stitch purlwise from behind. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull right needle through the stitch. Slide the stitch off the left needle. This is an increase of one stitch.
M1L
With yarn at back, insert the left needle from front to back, under the ladder bar that sits between the stitch on the left needle and the stitch on the right needle. Lift ladder bar onto the left needle to create new loop. Insert the right needle into the back of the stitch knitwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull right needle through the stitch. Slide the stitch off the left needle. This is a left-slanting increase of one stitch.
M1R
With yarn at back, insert the left needle from back to front, under the ladder bar that sits between the stitch on the left needle and the stitch on the right needle. Lift ladder bar onto the left needle to create new loop. Insert the right needle into the front of the stitch knitwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull right needle through the stitch. Slide the stitch off the left needle. This is a right-slanting increase of one stitch.
M1PL
With yarn at front, insert the left needle from front to back, under the ladder bar that sits between the stitch on the left needle and the stitch on the right needle. Lift ladder bar onto the left needle to create new loop. Insert the right needle into the back of the stitch purlwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull right needle through the stitch. Slide the stitch off the left needle. This is a left-slanting increase of one stitch.
M1PR
With yarn at front, insert the left needle from back to front, under the ladder bar that sits between the stitch on the left needle and the stitch on the right needle. Lift ladder bar onto the left needle to create new loop. Insert the right needle into the front of the stitch purlwise. Wrap the yarn around the tip of the right needle, and pull right needle through the stitch. Slide the stitch off the left needle. This is a right-slanting increase of one stitch.
MB
With yarn at back, work into the same stitch, without sliding the stitch off the left needle: K1, YO, K1, YO, K1, this will create five stitches in the place of one. Turn the to the WS and work: P5. Turn the to the RS and work: K5. Turn to the WS and work decrease: P2TOG, P1, P2TOG. Turn to the RS and work decrease: S1-K2TOG-PSSO. This will create a bobble protruding from the knitting.
YRN
Starting with yarn at front, bring the yarn back between the needles, wrap yarn around the right needle and bring to the front. Purl the next stitch while holding the yarn to the front. A yarn round needle will appear as a hole between two stitches and is an increase of one stitch.
YRN2
Starting with yarn at front, bring the yarn back between the needles, wrap yarn around the right needle twice and bring to the front. Purl the next stitch while holding the yarn to the front. A double yarn round needle will appear as a large hole between two stitches and is an increase of two stitches.