Origins of Knitting

Knitting has a long and fascinating history that is shrouded in mystery. While its exact origins are uncertain, many countries around the world have their own history of yarn weaving to create clothing and useful items.

Most signs seem to lead to the earliest knitted works being from the middle east, gradually spreading through the various trade routes it supplied to reach other parts of the world. The earliest example we have today is of a pair of Ancient Egyptian socks, from the 3rd to 5th Century AD. These socks were made in purl stitch and even include detailed coloured patterning too. The structural complexity of the first socks, however, suggest that knitting is far older than archaeologists can prove. Around the same time, a similar technique was in circulation known as Nålbinding, a one needle weaving technique that creates an almost identical look to knitting. 

Knitting spread from the Middle East to Europe via Mediterranean trade routes in the 14th Century. and even has its own art historical record; Master Bertram of Minden’s Visit of the Angel – in which the Madonna is depicted knitting – dates back to 1410. Back then, knitting was done by hand using simple tools like sticks and needles, and it was primarily used to create warm clothing to brave the chilly weather. As knitting spread throughout Europe in the Middle Ages, it became more sophisticated and intricate. Knitting guilds were formed to promote and protect the craft, and knitting patterns and designs became more elaborate. 

As time progressed, and knitting fever took over, the popularity of knitting in England was so high that the government stepped in to provide laws ensuring the livelihoods of those in production of knitted caps were protected. The Cappers Act 1571, stated that everyone above six years old, except for a select group, must wear a knitted cap, made in Britain, on Sundays and holidays with a fine for those who ignored the rules. 

Fast forward to the 16th century, when knitting machines revolutionized the industry, enabling the mass production of knitted fabrics. Suddenly, people all over the world had access to affordable and stylish knitted clothing. Despite the convenience of machine knitting, hand knitting never went out of style. In fact, it experienced a resurgence in the 20th century, as people rediscovered the joy of traditional crafts and hobbies.